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CAVITATION - TWO MAIN CAUSES:
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- NPSH (r) EXCEEDS NPSH (a)
Due to low pressure the water vapourises (boils) and higher pressure implodes into the vapour bubbles as they pass through the pump causing reduced performance and potentially major damage. For more see NPSH - Nett Positive Suction Head
- Suction or discharge recirculation
The pump is designed for a certain flow range, if there is not enough or too much flow going through the pump, the resulting turbulence and vortexes can reduce performance and damage the pump. For more see Centrifugal pump Operating Range
The damage to a pump from cavitation can be severe. It may shorten seal and / or bearing life and damage volute, backcover, and even pipework beyond repair.
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